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Bintang Neutron di Nidavellir (Avengers: Infinity War)

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Arsip Instagram 19 Mei 2018

Sumber marvel-cinematic-universe-guide.fandom.com

Sudah nonton Avengers: Infinity War? Masih ingat adegan di atas? Ya itu adalah adegan ketika Thor mendapat Stormbreaker, palu barunya, di Nidavellir. Nidavellir sendiri merupakan sebuah kota yg penduduknya bekerja sebagai pandai besi. Penduduknya disebut Kurcaci (Dwarf). Ada satu hal yg menarik mengenai Nidavellir, yaitu sumber energi untuk melelehkan besi-besi tersebut: sebuah bintang neutron.

Bintang neutron (atau neutron star) sendiri adalah jasad bintang yg mati melalui proses supernova. Ketika bintang kehabisan bahan bakar, pembangkit energi (fusi nuklir) dalam bintang berhenti. Saat tidak ada lagi energi yg menahan bintang, gravitasi menguasai dan meruntuhkan bintang. Saking besarnya gravitasi, elektron dan proton pd bintang bersatu dan membentuk neutron. Sebab itu disebut bintang neutron. Pd keadaan ini, gravitasi ditahan oleh 'tekanan neutron terdegenerasi'.

Namun bukan berarti fusi nuklir berhenti bintang neutron akan kehilangan seluruh energinya. Bayangkan seperti air mendidih yg tidak langsung dingin ketika kompor dimatikan. Bintang neutron tetap sangat panas, bahkan lebih panas dari matahari. Dari sini para Kurcaci mendapat energi untuk menyalakan tungku dan melelehkan besi. Bintang neutron memiliki diameter hanya sekitar 20 km, tetapi memiliki massa hingga 3 massa matahari. Atau seberat Gunung Everest dalam volume sebesar penghapus! Sebab itu bintang neutron digolongkan sebagai "objek kompak" dan salah satu benda paling ekstrim di alam semesta. Karena massa yg besar, bintang neutron memiliki medan magnet yg kuat dan gravitasi sangat besar, hingga tubuh astronot yg jatuh mengalami proses "spaghettification". Mungkin para Kurcaci telah mencari cara menangani gaya gravitasi dan magnet yg sangat kuat ini :D. Satu lagi hal menarik dari bintang neutron. Untuk mempertahankan kekekalan momentum sudutnya, mereka berotasi dgn sangat cepat: ratusan kali per detik. Beberapa di antaranya memancarkan radiasi elektromagnetik sehingga disebut pulsar.

Sumber: Wikipedia, YouTube

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